Dermatitis, a common skin condition, refers to inflammation of the skin that can manifest in various forms. It encompasses a range of conditions, each with its own causes and symptoms. This article provides insights into the causes, types, and general management of dermatitis.
Causes:
- Contact Dermatitis: This type of dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into contact with allergens or irritants, leading to redness, itching, and sometimes blistering. Common culprits include certain cosmetics, metals, plants, and chemicals.
- Atopic Dermatitis: Often referred to as eczema, atopic dermatitis is a chronic condition characterized by dry, itchy skin. It can be linked to genetic factors, environmental triggers, and immune system dysfunction.
- Seborrheic Dermatitis: This form primarily affects areas rich in oil glands, such as the scalp, face, and chest. It is associated with an overgrowth of yeast on the skin and may result in redness, scales, and dandruff.
- Nummular Dermatitis: This type is characterized by coin-shaped patches of irritated skin, often triggered by dry conditions, irritants, or allergy-provoking substances.
Types:
Dermatitis can be categorized into several types based on its specific characteristics and triggers. Understanding the type of dermatitis is crucial for effective management and treatment.
Acute Pain
Acute pain is a common experience resulting from injury, surgery, or illness, serving as a vital warning signal for the body. Understanding its causes, proper assessment, and effective management are essential aspects of providing comprehensive care. This article explores the nuances of acute pain to facilitate a better understanding of its dynamics.
Nursing Care Plan for Eczema (Dermatitis)
Nursing Diagnosis : Acute Pain related to skin lesions
Goal: Pain is reduced / no pain.
Expected outcomes:
- Appeasement reached taste disturbances.
- Expressed with words that itching has subsided.
- Show no symptoms of the skin excoriations due to scratching.
- Comply with the prescribed therapy.
- Keep adequacy skin hydration and lubrication ..
- Shows the intact skin; skin showed, advances in healthy appearance.
Interventions :
Independent:
1. Check the area involved.
R /: An understanding of the extent and characteristics of the skin include assistance in preparing an intervention plan.
2. Efforts to find the cause of the disorder sense of comfort.
R /: Helps identify the appropriate actions to provide comfort.
3. Record the results of observations in detail by using descriptive terminology.
R /: An accurate description of the skin eruption is necessary for diagnosis and treatment. Many skin conditions seem similar but have different etiologies.
4. Anticipating allergic reactions that may occur; obtain a history of drug use.
R /: Rash thorough especially with sudden onset may indicate an allergic reaction to the drug.
5. Control irritant factors.
R /: Itching aggravated by heat, chemical, and physical.
6. Maintain humidity of approximately 60%; use a humidifier.
R /: With low humidity, the skin will lose water.
7. Maintain a cool environment.
R /: Coolness reduce itching.
8. Use a mild soap or soap made for sensitive skin.
R /: These include the absence of a solution detegen, dyes or reinforcement material.
9. Remove excess clothing or equipment in the bed.
R /: Increase the cool environment.
10. Wash bed linens and clothes with a mild soap.
R /: harsh soaps can cause skin irritation.
11. Stop the repeated exposure to detergents, cleaners and solvents.
R /: Any substance that abolishing water, lipid or protein of the epidermis, will alter the skin barrier function.
12. Use skin care measures to maintain skin integrity and improve patient comfort.
R /: Skin is an important barrier that must be maintained integrity in order to function correctly.
13. Make a compress air with lukewarm water or cold compresses to relieve itching.
R /: Sucking water gradually from gauze compress will soothe the skin and relieve pruritus.
Collaboration:
14. Apply lotion and skin cream immediately after bathing.
R /: This action helps to relieve the symptoms.
15. Instruct the patient to avoid the use of an ointment or lotion purchased without a prescription.
R /: Problems patients can be caused by irritation or sensitization due to the treatment itself.
16. Keep nails patient, always trimmed.
R /: Cutting the nail will reduce skin damage from scratching.
Bibliography:
1. Bieber, T. (2008). Atopic dermatitis. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(14), 1483-1494. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra074081
2. James, W. D., Berger, T. G., & Elston, D. M. (2015). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (12th ed.). Elsevier.