Nursing Interventions Acute Pain for Myocardial Infarction

Nursing Intervention for Myocardial Infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, is the interruption of blood supply to a part of the heart, causing heart cells to die. This is most commonly due to occlusion (blockage) of a coronary artery following the rupture of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque, which is an unstable collection of lipids (fatty acids) and white blood cells (especially macrophages) in the wall of an artery. The resulting ischemia (restriction in blood supply) and oxygen shortage, if left untreated for a sufficient period of time, can cause damage or death (infarction) of heart muscle tissue (myocardium).
wikipedia


Definition: Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience arising from actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage (International Association for the Study of Pain); sudden or slow onset of any intensity from mild to severe with an anticipated or predictable end and a duration of less than 6 months

Pain is a highly subjective state in which a variety of unpleasant sensations and a wide range of distressing factors may be experienced by the sufferer. Pain may be a symptom of injury or illness. Pain may also arise from emotional, psychological, cultural, or spiritual distress. Pain can be very difficult to explain, because it is unique to the individual; pain should be accepted as described by the sufferer. Pain assessment can be challenging, especially in elderly patients, where cognitive impairment and sensory-perceptual deficits are more common.

NOC Outcomes (Nursing Outcomes Classification)
Suggested NOC Labels
  • Comfort Level
  • Medication Response
  • Pain Control
NIC Interventions (Nursing Interventions Classification)
Suggested NIC Labels
  • Analgesic Administration
  • Conscious Sedation
  • Pain Management
  • Patient-Controlled Analgesia Assistance
Expected Outcomes
  • Patient verbalizes adequate relief of pain or ability to cope with incompletely relieved pain.


Nursing Intervention for Myocardial Infarction
  • Observation of the characteristics, location, time, and the course of chest pain.
  • Instruct the client to stop activity and rest during an attack.
  • Help the client to do relaxation techniques, eg deep breathing, distraction behavior, visualization, or imagination guidance.
  • Maintain oxygenation with bicanul example (2-4 lt / min)
  • Monitor vital signs (pulse and blood pressure) every two hours.
  • Collaboration with the health team in providing analgesic.

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